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So Who Do We Talk To?  by Ellen Warren

COUNSELING PSYCHOLOGIST

This also requires post-graduate education and training in a highly structured environment at an accredited university leading to a PhD or in some cases a D.Ed. The training and education highly focuses upon behavioral concerns and social interaction in a university counseling or mental heath environment. The course work is heavily dependent on course work in psychology and practicum's or internships in hospitals or university settings involving changes in attitude, motivations and adjustments with normal individuals with normal concerns. They normally do not become limited by diagnostic classification. These concerns are usually of recent situations and of short duration to change. They normally refer to those they are working with as clients. They work with their clients to help achieve desired changes. They use a non-directive approach, this approach helps the individual(s) reach in and find their own solution to their concerns and to improve their social interaction. It concentrates a lot on improving interdependent relationships with others. They work with one or two at the same time. They are licensed by the state, have certifications and belong to one or more professional associations.

PASTOR, REVEREND, PRIEST, RABBI, RELEGIOUS PERSON

Due to the wide variety of religious disciplines in this society the sources described are restricted to those disciplines within the Judeo-Christian frame of beliefs. These individuals require completion and graduation from an accredited theological institution plus being ordained by their religious faith. Some continue their studies usually at a later date and receive a Doctor of Divinity degree. Their education and training is focused upon the religious doctrine they are studying, it is rigid being based upon right and wrong, good or bad, being righteous or a sinner. They are trained and ordained for professional religious leadership. Some say they are shepherds keeping the flock in line and in order. While they are trained in pastoral counseling they are required and limited by the tenets rules of their religious institutions. They receive little training in counseling an individual(s) in personal relationships. They usually use the influence of "guilt" to try to force change. Too often they want to take on the role of religious judge and strive for salvation. They are trained to have many biases. They are not licensed by the state, have no certifications in the behavioral sciences and do not belong to a professional behavioral association.

list of professional sources continues next page...

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Updated: 05/08/04